Clean up more READMEs, remove Eye of Newt folder

This commit is contained in:
Phillip Burgess 2017-10-20 21:37:33 -07:00
parent f9c51097d2
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# Cyberpunk_Spikes
Code to accompany this tutorial:
https://learn.adafruit.com/cyberpunk-spikes

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# Teensy3.1_Eyes
Adapted from the 'Uncanny eyes' project for PJRC Teensy 3.1 with Adafruit 1.5" OLED (product #1431) or 1.44" TFT LCD (#2088). This uses Teensy-3.1-specific features and WILL NOT work on normal Arduino or other boards! Use 72 MHz (Optimized) board speed -- OLED does not work at 96 MHz.
How-to guide with parts list and 3D models is here:
https://learn.adafruit.com/eye-of-newt/introduction
Directory 'uncannyEyes_newt' contains Arduino sketch for PJRC Teensy 3.1. 'uncannyEyes_newt.ino' is the code, 'newtEye.h' is a set of arrays containing eye bitmaps, etc.
Folder 'convert' contains Python sketch for generating eyeData.h. Requires Python Imaging Library. Example images are also in this directory.

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#!/usr/bin/python
# Image converter for 'Uncanny Eyes' project. Generates tables for
# eyeData.h file. Requires Python Imaging Library. Expects four image
# files: sclera, iris, upper lid map and lower lid map (defaults will be
# used if not specified). Also generates polar coordinate map for iris
# rendering (pass diameter -- must be an even value -- as 5th argument).
# Output is to stdout; should be redirected to file for use.
# This is kinda some horrible copy-and-paste code right now for each of
# the four images...could be improved, but basically does the thing.
import sys
import math
from PIL import Image
columns = 8 # Number of columns in formatted output
# Write hex digit (with some formatting for C array) to stdout
def outputHex(n, digits):
global columns, column, counter, limit
column += 1 # Increment column number
if column >= columns: # If max column exceeded...
sys.stdout.write("\n ") # end current line, start new one
column = 0 # Reset column number
sys.stdout.write("{0:#0{1}X}".format(n, digits + 2))
counter += 1 # Increment element index
if counter < limit: # If NOT last element in list...
sys.stdout.write(",") # add column between elements
if column < (columns - 1): # and space if not last column
sys.stdout.write(" ")
else:
print(" };"); # Cap off table
# OPEN AND VALIDATE SCLERA IMAGE FILE --------------------------------------
try: filename = sys.argv[1]
except: filename = "sclera.png"
im = Image.open(filename)
im = im.convert("RGB")
pixels = im.load()
# GENERATE SCLERA ARRAY ----------------------------------------------------
# Initialize outputHex() global counters:
counter = 0 # Index of next element to generate
column = columns # Current column number in output
limit = im.size[0] * im.size[1] # Total # of elements in generated list
print "#define SCLERA_WIDTH " + str(im.size[0])
print "#define SCLERA_HEIGHT " + str(im.size[1])
print
sys.stdout.write("const uint16_t sclera[SCLERA_HEIGHT][SCLERA_WIDTH] = {")
# Convert 24-bit image to 16 bits:
for y in range(im.size[1]):
for x in range(im.size[0]):
p = pixels[x, y] # Pixel data (tuple)
outputHex(((p[0] & 0b11111000) << 8) | # Convert 24-bit RGB
((p[1] & 0b11111100) << 3) | # to 16-bit value w/
( p[2] >> 3), 4) # 5/6/5-bit packing
# OPEN AND VALIDATE IRIS IMAGE FILE ----------------------------------------
try: filename = sys.argv[2]
except: filename = "iris.png"
im = Image.open(filename)
if (im.size[0] > 512) or (im.size[1] > 128):
sys.stderr.write("Image can't exceed 512 pixels wide or 128 pixels tall")
exit(1)
im = im.convert("RGB")
pixels = im.load()
# GENERATE IRIS ARRAY ------------------------------------------------------
counter = 0 # Reset outputHex() counters again for new table
column = columns
limit = im.size[0] * im.size[1]
print
print "#define IRIS_MAP_WIDTH " + str(im.size[0])
print "#define IRIS_MAP_HEIGHT " + str(im.size[1])
print
sys.stdout.write("const uint16_t iris[IRIS_MAP_HEIGHT][IRIS_MAP_WIDTH] = {")
for y in range(im.size[1]):
for x in range(im.size[0]):
p = pixels[x, y] # Pixel data (tuple)
outputHex(((p[0] & 0b11111000) << 8) | # Convert 24-bit RGB
((p[1] & 0b11111100) << 3) | # to 16-bit value w/
( p[2] >> 3), 4) # 5/6/5-bit packing
# OPEN AND VALIDATE UPPER EYELID THRESHOLD MAP -----------------------------
try: filename = sys.argv[3]
except: filename = "upper.png"
im = Image.open(filename)
if (im.size[0] != 128) or (im.size[1] != 128):
sys.stderr.write("Image size must match screen size")
exit(1)
im = im.convert("L")
pixels = im.load()
# GENERATE UPPER LID ARRAY -------------------------------------------------
counter = 0
column = columns
limit = im.size[0] * im.size[1]
print
print "#define SCREEN_WIDTH " + str(im.size[0])
print "#define SCREEN_HEIGHT " + str(im.size[1])
print
sys.stdout.write("const uint8_t upper[SCREEN_HEIGHT][SCREEN_WIDTH] = {")
for y in range(im.size[1]):
for x in range(im.size[0]):
outputHex(pixels[x, y], 2) # 8-bit value per pixel
# OPEN AND VALIDATE LOWER EYELID THRESHOLD MAP -----------------------------
try: filename = sys.argv[4]
except: filename = "lower.png"
im = Image.open(filename)
if (im.size[0] != 128) or (im.size[1] != 128):
sys.stderr.write("Image size must match screen size")
exit(1)
im = im.convert("L")
pixels = im.load()
# GENERATE LOWER LID ARRAY -------------------------------------------------
counter = 0
column = columns
limit = im.size[0] * im.size[1]
print
sys.stdout.write("const uint8_t lower[SCREEN_HEIGHT][SCREEN_WIDTH] = {")
for y in range(im.size[1]):
for x in range(im.size[0]):
outputHex(pixels[x, y], 2) # 8-bit value per pixel
# GENERATE POLAR COORDINATE TABLE ------------------------------------------
try: irisSize = int(sys.argv[5])
except: irisSize = 80
slitPupil = False
if irisSize % 2 != 0:
sys.stderr.write("Iris diameter must be even value")
exit(1)
if irisSize < 0:
irisSize = -irisSize
slitPupil = True
filename = "pupilMap.png" # HACKITY HACK, see notes later
im = Image.open(filename) # OMG so wretched and hacky
if (im.size[0] != irisSize) or (im.size[1] != irisSize):
sys.stderr.write("Image size must match iris size")
exit(1)
im = im.convert("L")
pixels = im.load()
radius = irisSize / 2
print
print "#define IRIS_WIDTH " + str(irisSize)
print "#define IRIS_HEIGHT " + str(irisSize)
# One element per screen pixel, 16 bits per element -- high 9 bits are
# angle relative to center point (fixed point, 0-511) low 7 bits are
# distance from circle perimeter (fixed point, 0-127, pixels outsize circle
# are set to 127).
counter = 0
column = columns
limit = irisSize * irisSize
sys.stdout.write("\nconst uint16_t polar[%s][%s] = {" % (irisSize, irisSize))
for y in range(irisSize):
dy = y - radius + 0.5
for x in range(irisSize):
dx = x - radius + 0.5
distance = math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy)
if(distance >= radius): # Outside circle
outputHex(127, 4) # angle = 0, dist = 127
else:
if slitPupil:
# TODO: add magic here
# I totally cheated on the dragon eye
# included with the demo code -- made a
# canned distance bitmap using Illustrator +
# Photoshop and use that...but it's rigged
# to the bitmap size and isn't a generalized
# solution, which is what's needed here.
angle = math.atan2(dy, dx) # -pi to +pi
angle += math.pi # 0.0 to 2pi
angle /= (math.pi * 2.0) # 0.0 to <1.0
distance = pixels[x, y] / 255.0
else:
angle = math.atan2(dy, dx) # -pi to +pi
angle += math.pi # 0.0 to 2pi
angle /= (math.pi * 2.0) # 0.0 to <1.0
distance /= radius # 0.0 to <1.0
distance *= 128.0 # 0.0 to <128.0
if distance > 127: distance = 127 # Clip
a = int(angle * 512.0) # 0 to 511
d = 127 - int(distance) # 127 to 0
outputHex((a << 7) | d, 4)

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//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Uncanny eyes for PJRC Teensy 3.1 with Adafruit 1.5" OLED (product #1431)
// or 1.44" TFT LCD (#2088). This uses Teensy-3.1-specific features and
// WILL NOT work on normal Arduino or other boards! Use 72 MHz (Optimized)
// board speed -- OLED does not work at 96 MHz.
//
// Adafruit invests time and resources providing this open source code,
// please support Adafruit and open-source hardware by purchasing products
// from Adafruit!
//
// Written by Phil Burgess / Paint Your Dragon for Adafruit Industries.
// MIT license. SPI FIFO insight from Paul Stoffregen's ILI9341_t3 library.
// Inspired by David Boccabella's (Marcwolf) hybrid servo/OLED eye concept.
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h> // Core graphics lib for Adafruit displays
// Enable ONE of these #includes -- HUGE graphics tables for various eyes:
//#include "defaultEye.h" // Standard human-ish hazel eye
//#include "noScleraEye.h" // Large iris, no sclera
//#include "dragonEye.h" // Slit pupil fiery dragon/demon eye
//#include "goatEye.h" // Horizontal pupil goat/Krampus eye
#include "newtEye.h" // Eye of Newt
// Then tweak settings below, e.g. change IRIS_MIN/MAX or disable TRACKING.
// DISPLAY HARDWARE CONFIG -------------------------------------------------
#include <Adafruit_SSD1351.h> // OLED display library -OR-
//#include <Adafruit_ST7735.h> // TFT display library (enable one only)
#ifdef _ADAFRUIT_ST7735H_
typedef Adafruit_ST7735 displayType; // Using TFT display(s)
#else
typedef Adafruit_SSD1351 displayType; // Using OLED display(s)
#endif
#define DISPLAY_DC 7 // Data/command pin for BOTH displays
#define DISPLAY_RESET 8 // Reset pin for BOTH displays
#define SELECT_L_PIN 9 // LEFT eye chip select pin
#define SELECT_R_PIN 10 // RIGHT eye chip select pin
// INPUT CONFIG (for eye motion -- enable or comment out as needed) --------
//#define JOYSTICK_X_PIN A0 // Analog pin for eye horiz pos (else auto)
//#define JOYSTICK_Y_PIN A1 // Analog pin for eye vert position (")
//#define JOYSTICK_X_FLIP // If set, reverse stick X axis
//#define JOYSTICK_Y_FLIP // If set, reverse stick Y axis
#define TRACKING // If enabled, eyelid tracks pupil
#define IRIS_PIN A2 // Photocell or potentiometer (else auto iris)
//#define IRIS_PIN_FLIP // If set, reverse reading from dial/photocell
#define IRIS_SMOOTH // If enabled, filter input from IRIS_PIN
#define IRIS_MIN 120 // Clip lower analogRead() range from IRIS_PIN
#define IRIS_MAX 720 // Clip upper "
#define WINK_L_PIN 0 // Pin for LEFT eye wink button
#define BLINK_PIN 1 // Pin for blink button (BOTH eyes)
#define WINK_R_PIN 2 // Pin for RIGHT eye wink button
#define AUTOBLINK // If enabled, eyes blink autonomously
// Probably don't need to edit any config below this line, -----------------
// unless building a single-eye project (pendant, etc.), in which case one
// of the two elements in the eye[] array further down can be commented out.
// Eye blinks are a tiny 3-state machine. Per-eye allows winks + blinks.
#define NOBLINK 0 // Not currently engaged in a blink
#define ENBLINK 1 // Eyelid is currently closing
#define DEBLINK 2 // Eyelid is currently opening
typedef struct {
int8_t pin; // Optional button here for indiv. wink
uint8_t state; // NOBLINK/ENBLINK/DEBLINK
uint32_t duration; // Duration of blink state (micros)
uint32_t startTime; // Time (micros) of last state change
} eyeBlink;
struct {
displayType display; // OLED/TFT object
uint8_t cs; // Chip select pin
eyeBlink blink; // Current blink state
} eye[] = { // OK to comment out one of these for single-eye display:
displayType(SELECT_L_PIN,DISPLAY_DC,0),SELECT_L_PIN,{WINK_L_PIN,NOBLINK},
//displayType(SELECT_R_PIN,DISPLAY_DC,0),SELECT_R_PIN,{WINK_R_PIN,NOBLINK},
};
#define NUM_EYES (sizeof(eye) / sizeof(eye[0]))
// INITIALIZATION -- runs once at startup ----------------------------------
void setup(void) {
uint8_t e;
Serial.begin(115200);
randomSeed(analogRead(A3)); // Seed random() from floating analog input
// Both displays share a common reset line; 0 is passed to display
// constructor (so no reset in begin()) -- must reset manually here:
pinMode(DISPLAY_RESET, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(DISPLAY_RESET, LOW); delay(1);
digitalWrite(DISPLAY_RESET, HIGH); delay(50);
for(e=0; e<NUM_EYES; e++) { // Deselect all
pinMode(eye[e].cs, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(eye[e].cs, HIGH);
}
for(e=0; e<NUM_EYES; e++) {
digitalWrite(eye[e].cs, LOW); // Select one eye for init
#ifdef _ADAFRUIT_ST7735H_ // TFT
eye[e].display.initR(INITR_144GREENTAB);
#else // OLED
eye[e].display.begin();
#endif
if(eye[e].blink.pin >= 0) pinMode(eye[e].blink.pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
digitalWrite(eye[e].cs, HIGH); // Deselect
}
#ifdef BLINK_PIN
pinMode(BLINK_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
#endif
// One of the displays is configured to mirror on the X axis. Simplifies
// eyelid handling in the drawEye() function -- no need for distinct
// L-to-R or R-to-L inner loops. Just the X coordinate of the iris is
// then reversed when drawing this eye, so they move the same. Magic!
#ifdef _ADAFRUIT_ST7735H_ // TFT
digitalWrite(eye[0].cs , LOW);
digitalWrite(DISPLAY_DC, LOW);
SPI.transfer(ST7735_MADCTL);
digitalWrite(DISPLAY_DC, HIGH);
SPI.transfer(0x88); // MADCTL_MY | MADCTL_BGR
digitalWrite(eye[0].cs , HIGH);
#else // OLED
eye[0].display.writeCommand(SSD1351_CMD_SETREMAP);
eye[0].display.writeData(0x77);
#endif
}
// EYE-RENDERING FUNCTION --------------------------------------------------
SPISettings settings(24000000, MSBFIRST, SPI_MODE3); // Teensy 3.1 max SPI
void drawEye( // Renders one eye. Inputs must be pre-clipped & valid.
uint8_t e, // Eye array index; 0 or 1 for left/right
uint32_t iScale, // Scale factor for iris
uint8_t scleraX, // First pixel X offset into sclera image
uint8_t scleraY, // First pixel Y offset into sclera image
uint8_t uT, // Upper eyelid threshold value
uint8_t lT) { // Lower eyelid threshold value
uint8_t screenX, screenY, scleraXsave;
int16_t irisX, irisY;
uint16_t p, a;
uint32_t d;
// Set up raw pixel dump to entire screen. Although such writes can wrap
// around automatically from end of rect back to beginning, the region is
// reset on each frame here in case of an SPI glitch.
SPI.beginTransaction(settings);
#ifdef _ADAFRUIT_ST7735H_ // TFT
eye[e].display.setAddrWindow(0, 0, 127, 127);
#else // OLED
eye[e].display.writeCommand(SSD1351_CMD_SETROW); // Y range
eye[e].display.writeData(0); eye[e].display.writeData(SCREEN_HEIGHT - 1);
eye[e].display.writeCommand(SSD1351_CMD_SETCOLUMN); // X range
eye[e].display.writeData(0); eye[e].display.writeData(SCREEN_WIDTH - 1);
eye[e].display.writeCommand(SSD1351_CMD_WRITERAM); // Begin write
#endif
digitalWrite(eye[e].cs, LOW); // Chip select
digitalWrite(DISPLAY_DC, HIGH); // Data mode
// Now just issue raw 16-bit values for every pixel...
scleraXsave = scleraX; // Save initial X value to reset on each line
irisY = scleraY - (SCLERA_HEIGHT - IRIS_HEIGHT) / 2;
for(screenY=0; screenY<SCREEN_HEIGHT; screenY++, scleraY++, irisY++) {
scleraX = scleraXsave;
irisX = scleraXsave - (SCLERA_WIDTH - IRIS_WIDTH) / 2;
for(screenX=0; screenX<SCREEN_WIDTH; screenX++, scleraX++, irisX++) {
if((lower[screenY][screenX] <= lT) ||
(upper[screenY][screenX] <= uT)) { // Covered by eyelid
p = 0;
} else if((irisY < 0) || (irisY >= IRIS_HEIGHT) ||
(irisX < 0) || (irisX >= IRIS_WIDTH)) { // In sclera
p = sclera[scleraY][scleraX];
} else { // Maybe iris...
p = polar[irisY][irisX]; // Polar angle/dist
d = (iScale * (p & 0x7F)) / 128; // Distance (Y)
if(d < IRIS_MAP_HEIGHT) { // Within iris area
a = (IRIS_MAP_WIDTH * (p >> 7)) / 512; // Angle (X)
p = iris[d][a]; // Pixel = iris
} else { // Not in iris
p = sclera[scleraY][scleraX]; // Pixel = sclera
}
}
// SPI FIFO technique from Paul Stoffregen's ILI9341_t3 library:
while(KINETISK_SPI0.SR & 0xC000); // Wait for space in FIFO
KINETISK_SPI0.PUSHR = p | SPI_PUSHR_CTAS(1) | SPI_PUSHR_CONT;
}
}
KINETISK_SPI0.SR |= SPI_SR_TCF; // Clear transfer flag
while((KINETISK_SPI0.SR & 0xF000) || // Wait for SPI FIFO to drain
!(KINETISK_SPI0.SR & SPI_SR_TCF)); // Wait for last bit out
digitalWrite(eye[e].cs, HIGH); // Deselect
SPI.endTransaction();
}
// EYE ANIMATION -----------------------------------------------------------
const uint8_t ease[] = { // Ease in/out curve for eye movements 3*t^2-2*t^3
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, // T
3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10, // h
11, 12, 12, 13, 14, 15, 15, 16, 17, 18, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, // x
24, 25, 26, 27, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, // 2
40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 57, 58, // A
60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 69, 70, 72, 73, 74, 76, 77, 78, 80, // l
81, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 90, 91, 93, 94, 96, 97, 98,100,101,103, // e
104,106,107,109,110,112,113,115,116,118,119,121,122,124,125,127, // c
128,130,131,133,134,136,137,139,140,142,143,145,146,148,149,151, // J
152,154,155,157,158,159,161,162,164,165,167,168,170,171,172,174, // a
175,177,178,179,181,182,183,185,186,188,189,190,192,193,194,195, // c
197,198,199,201,202,203,204,205,207,208,209,210,211,213,214,215, // o
216,217,218,219,220,221,222,224,225,226,227,228,228,229,230,231, // b
232,233,234,235,236,237,237,238,239,240,240,241,242,243,243,244, // s
245,245,246,246,247,248,248,249,249,250,250,251,251,251,252,252, // o
252,253,253,253,254,254,254,254,254,255,255,255,255,255,255,255 }; // n
#ifdef AUTOBLINK
uint32_t timeOfLastBlink = 0L, timeToNextBlink = 0L;
#endif
void frame( // Process motion for a single frame of left or right eye
uint16_t iScale) { // Iris scale (0-1023) passed in
static uint32_t frames = 0; // Used in frame rate calculation
static uint8_t eyeIndex = 0; // eye[] array counter
int16_t eyeX, eyeY;
uint32_t t = micros(); // Time at start of function
Serial.println((++frames * 1000) / millis()); // Show frame rate
if(++eyeIndex >= NUM_EYES) eyeIndex = 0; // Cycle through eyes, 1 per call
// X/Y movement
#if defined(JOYSTICK_X_PIN) && (JOYSTICK_X_PIN >= 0) && \
defined(JOYSTICK_Y_PIN) && (JOYSTICK_Y_PIN >= 0)
// Read X/Y from joystick, constrain to circle
int16_t dx, dy;
int32_t d;
eyeX = analogRead(JOYSTICK_X_PIN); // Raw (unclipped) X/Y reading
eyeY = analogRead(JOYSTICK_Y_PIN);
#ifdef JOYSTICK_X_FLIP
eyeX = 1023 - eyeX;
#endif
#ifdef JOYSTICK_Y_FLIP
eyeY = 1023 - eyeY;
#endif
dx = (eyeX * 2) - 1023; // A/D exact center is at 511.5. Scale coords
dy = (eyeY * 2) - 1023; // X2 so range is -1023 to +1023 w/center at 0.
if((d = (dx * dx + dy * dy)) > (1023 * 1023)) { // Outside circle
d = (int32_t)sqrt((float)d); // Distance from center
eyeX = ((dx * 1023 / d) + 1023) / 2; // Clip to circle edge,
eyeY = ((dy * 1023 / d) + 1023) / 2; // scale back to 0-1023
}
#else // Autonomous X/Y eye motion
// Periodically initiates motion to a new random point, random speed,
// holds there for random period until next motion.
static boolean eyeInMotion = false;
static int16_t eyeOldX=512, eyeOldY=512, eyeNewX=512, eyeNewY=512;
static uint32_t eyeMoveStartTime = 0L;
static int32_t eyeMoveDuration = 0L;
int32_t dt = t - eyeMoveStartTime; // uS elapsed since last eye event
if(eyeInMotion) { // Currently moving?
if(dt >= eyeMoveDuration) { // Time up? Destination reached.
eyeInMotion = false; // Stop moving
eyeMoveDuration = random(3000000); // 0-3 sec stop
eyeMoveStartTime = t; // Save initial time of stop
eyeX = eyeOldX = eyeNewX; // Save position
eyeY = eyeOldY = eyeNewY;
} else { // Move time's not yet fully elapsed -- interpolate position
int16_t e = ease[255 * dt / eyeMoveDuration] + 1; // Ease curve
eyeX = eyeOldX + (((eyeNewX - eyeOldX) * e) / 256); // Interp X
eyeY = eyeOldY + (((eyeNewY - eyeOldY) * e) / 256); // and Y
}
} else { // Eye stopped
eyeX = eyeOldX;
eyeY = eyeOldY;
if(dt > eyeMoveDuration) { // Time up? Begin new move.
int16_t dx, dy;
uint32_t d;
do { // Pick new dest in circle
eyeNewX = random(1024);
eyeNewY = random(1024);
dx = (eyeNewX * 2) - 1023;
dy = (eyeNewY * 2) - 1023;
} while((d = (dx * dx + dy * dy)) > (1023 * 1023)); // Keep trying
eyeMoveDuration = random(72000, 144000); // ~1/14 - ~1/7 sec
eyeMoveStartTime = t; // Save initial time of move
eyeInMotion = true; // Start move on next frame
}
}
#endif // JOYSTICK_X_PIN etc.
// Blinking
#ifdef AUTOBLINK
// Similar to the autonomous eye movement above -- blink start times
// and durations are random (within ranges).
if((t - timeOfLastBlink) >= timeToNextBlink) { // Start new blink?
timeOfLastBlink = t;
uint32_t blinkDuration = random(36000, 72000); // ~1/28 - ~1/14 sec
// Set up durations for both eyes (if not already winking)
for(uint8_t e=0; e<NUM_EYES; e++) {
if(eye[e].blink.state == NOBLINK) {
eye[e].blink.state = ENBLINK;
eye[e].blink.startTime = t;
eye[e].blink.duration = blinkDuration;
}
}
timeToNextBlink = blinkDuration * 3 + random(4000000);
}
#endif
if(eye[eyeIndex].blink.state) { // Eye currently blinking?
// Check if current blink state time has elapsed
if((t - eye[eyeIndex].blink.startTime) >= eye[eyeIndex].blink.duration) {
// Yes -- increment blink state, unless...
if((eye[eyeIndex].blink.state == ENBLINK) && // Enblinking and...
((digitalRead(BLINK_PIN) == LOW) || // blink or wink held...
digitalRead(eye[eyeIndex].blink.pin) == LOW)) {
// Don't advance state yet -- eye is held closed instead
} else { // No buttons, or other state...
if(++eye[eyeIndex].blink.state > DEBLINK) { // Deblinking finished?
eye[eyeIndex].blink.state = NOBLINK; // No longer blinking
} else { // Advancing from ENBLINK to DEBLINK mode
eye[eyeIndex].blink.duration *= 2; // DEBLINK is 1/2 ENBLINK speed
eye[eyeIndex].blink.startTime = t;
}
}
}
} else { // Not currently blinking...check buttons!
if(digitalRead(BLINK_PIN) == LOW) {
// Manually-initiated blinks have random durations like auto-blink
uint32_t blinkDuration = random(36000, 72000);
for(uint8_t e=0; e<NUM_EYES; e++) {
if(eye[e].blink.state == NOBLINK) {
eye[e].blink.state = ENBLINK;
eye[e].blink.startTime = t;
eye[e].blink.duration = blinkDuration;
}
}
} else if(digitalRead(eye[eyeIndex].blink.pin) == LOW) { // Wink!
eye[eyeIndex].blink.state = ENBLINK;
eye[eyeIndex].blink.startTime = t;
eye[eyeIndex].blink.duration = random(45000, 90000);
}
}
// Process motion, blinking and iris scale into renderable values
// Iris scaling: remap from 0-1023 input to iris map height pixel units
iScale = ((IRIS_MAP_HEIGHT + 1) * 1024) /
(1024 - (iScale * (IRIS_MAP_HEIGHT - 1) / IRIS_MAP_HEIGHT));
// Scale eye X/Y positions (0-1023) to pixel units used by drawEye()
eyeX = map(eyeX, 0, 1023, 0, SCLERA_WIDTH - 128);
eyeY = map(eyeY, 0, 1023, 0, SCLERA_HEIGHT - 128);
if(eyeIndex == 1) eyeX = (SCLERA_WIDTH - 128) - eyeX; // Mirrored display
// Horizontal position is offset so that eyes are very slightly crossed
// to appear fixated (converged) at a conversational distance. Number
// here was extracted from my posterior and not mathematically based.
// I suppose one could get all clever with a range sensor, but for now...
eyeX += 4;
if(eyeX > (SCLERA_WIDTH - 128)) eyeX = (SCLERA_WIDTH - 128);
// Eyelids are rendered using a brightness threshold image. This same
// map can be used to simplify another problem: making the upper eyelid
// track the pupil (eyes tend to open only as much as needed -- e.g. look
// down and the upper eyelid drops). Just sample a point in the upper
// lid map slightly above the pupil to determine the rendering threshold.
static uint8_t uThreshold = 128;
uint8_t lThreshold, n;
#ifdef TRACKING
int16_t sampleX = SCLERA_WIDTH / 2 - (eyeX / 2), // Reduce X influence
sampleY = SCLERA_HEIGHT / 2 - (eyeY + IRIS_HEIGHT / 4);
// Eyelid is slightly asymmetrical, so two readings are taken, averaged
if(sampleY < 0) n = 0;
else n = (upper[sampleY][sampleX] +
upper[sampleY][SCREEN_WIDTH - 1 - sampleX]) / 2;
uThreshold = (uThreshold * 3 + n) / 4; // Filter/soften motion
// Lower eyelid doesn't track the same way, but seems to be pulled upward
// by tension from the upper lid.
lThreshold = 254 - uThreshold;
#else // No tracking -- eyelids full open unless blink modifies them
uThreshold = lThreshold = 0;
#endif
// The upper/lower thresholds are then scaled relative to the current
// blink position so that blinks work together with pupil tracking.
if(eye[eyeIndex].blink.state) { // Eye currently blinking?
uint32_t s = (t - eye[eyeIndex].blink.startTime);
if(s >= eye[eyeIndex].blink.duration) s = 255; // At or past blink end
else s = 255 * s / eye[eyeIndex].blink.duration; // Mid-blink
s = (eye[eyeIndex].blink.state == DEBLINK) ? 1 + s : 256 - s;
n = (uThreshold * s + 254 * (257 - s)) / 256;
lThreshold = (lThreshold * s + 254 * (257 - s)) / 256;
} else {
n = uThreshold;
}
// Pass all the derived values to the eye-rendering function:
drawEye(eyeIndex, iScale, eyeX, eyeY, n, lThreshold);
}
// AUTONOMOUS IRIS SCALING (if no photocell or dial) -----------------------
#if !defined(IRIS_PIN) || (IRIS_PIN < 0)
// Autonomous iris motion uses a fractal behavior to similate both the major
// reaction of the eye plus the continuous smaller adjustments that occur.
uint16_t oldIris = (IRIS_MIN + IRIS_MAX) / 2, newIris;
void split( // Subdivides motion path into two sub-paths w/randimization
int16_t startValue, // Iris scale value (IRIS_MIN to IRIS_MAX) at start
int16_t endValue, // Iris scale value at end
uint32_t startTime, // micros() at start
int32_t duration, // Start-to-end time, in microseconds
int16_t range) { // Allowable scale value variance when subdividing
if(range >= 8) { // Limit subdvision count, because recursion
range /= 2; // Split range & time in half for subdivision,
duration /= 2; // then pick random center point within range:
int16_t midValue = (startValue + endValue - range) / 2 + random(range);
uint32_t midTime = startTime + duration;
split(startValue, midValue, startTime, duration, range); // First half
split(midValue , endValue, midTime , duration, range); // Second half
} else { // No more subdivisons, do iris motion...
int32_t dt; // Time (micros) since start of motion
int16_t v; // Interim value
while((dt = (micros() - startTime)) < duration) {
v = startValue + (((endValue - startValue) * dt) / duration);
if(v < IRIS_MIN) v = IRIS_MIN; // Clip just in case
else if(v > IRIS_MAX) v = IRIS_MAX;
frame(v); // Draw frame w/interim iris scale value
}
}
}
#endif // !IRIS_PIN
// MAIN LOOP -- runs continuously after setup() ----------------------------
void loop() {
#if defined(IRIS_PIN) && (IRIS_PIN >= 0) // Interactive iris
uint16_t v = analogRead(IRIS_PIN); // Raw dial/photocell reading
#ifdef IRIS_PIN_FLIP
v = 1023 - v;
#endif
v = map(v, 0, 1023, IRIS_MIN, IRIS_MAX); // Scale to iris range
#ifdef IRIS_SMOOTH // Filter input (gradual motion)
static uint16_t irisValue = (IRIS_MIN + IRIS_MAX) / 2;
irisValue = ((irisValue * 15) + v) / 16;
frame(irisValue);
#else // Unfiltered (immediate motion)
frame(v);
#endif // IRIS_SMOOTH
#else // Autonomous iris scaling -- invoke recursive function
newIris = random(IRIS_MIN, IRIS_MAX);
split(oldIris, newIris, micros(), 10000000L, IRIS_MAX - IRIS_MIN);
oldIris = newIris;
#endif // IRIS_PIN
}

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# Gemma_3D_Printed_Tree_Topper
Code to accompany this tutorial:
https://learn.adafruit.com/glowing-beehive-hairdo-wig/introduction
https://learn.adafruit.com/gemma-3d-printed-tree-topper

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# Gemma_3D_Printed_Tree_Topper
# Glowing_Beehive_Hairdo_Wig
Code to accompany this tutorial:
https://learn.adafruit.com/gemma-3d-printed-tree-topper
https://learn.adafruit.com/glowing-beehive-hairdo-wig

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# Introducing_CircuitPlaygroundExpress
Code to accompany this tutorial:
https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-circuit-playground-express

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# Introducing_Gemma_M0
Code to accompany this tutorial:
https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-gemma-m0

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# Introducing_Trinket_M0
Code to accompany this tutorial:
https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-trinket-m0-circuitpython-arduino

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# NeoPixel_Punk_Collar
Code to accompany this tutorial:
https://learn.adafruit.com/neopixel-punk-collar/overview
https://learn.adafruit.com/neopixel-punk-collar

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# Piano_In_The_Key_Of_Lime
Code to accompany this tutorial:
https://learn.adafruit.com/circuit-playground-express-piano-in-the-key-of-lime

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# ScreamingCauldron
Code to accompany this tutorial:
https://learn.adafruit.com/screaming-cauldron

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# Sound_Reactive_NeoPixel_Peace_Pendant
Code to accompany this tutorial:
https://learn.adafruit.com/sound-reactive-neopixel-peace-pendant