Adafruit_CircuitPython_GPS/adafruit_gps.py
2020-06-11 13:56:52 -04:00

554 lines
20 KiB
Python
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

# The MIT License (MIT)
#
# Copyright (c) 2017 Tony DiCola for Adafruit Industries
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
# THE SOFTWARE.
"""
`adafruit_gps`
====================================================
GPS parsing module. Can parse simple NMEA data sentences from serial GPS
modules to read latitude, longitude, and more.
* Author(s): Tony DiCola
Implementation Notes
--------------------
**Hardware:**
* Adafruit `Ultimate GPS Breakout <https://www.adafruit.com/product/746>`_
* Adafruit `Ultimate GPS FeatherWing <https://www.adafruit.com/product/3133>`_
**Software and Dependencies:**
* Adafruit CircuitPython firmware for the ESP8622 and M0-based boards:
https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/releases
"""
import time
from micropython import const
__version__ = "0.0.0-auto.0"
__repo__ = "https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_GPS.git"
_GPSI2C_DEFAULT_ADDRESS = const(0x10)
# Internal helper parsing functions.
# These handle input that might be none or null and return none instead of
# throwing errors.
def _parse_degrees(nmea_data):
# Parse a NMEA lat/long data pair 'dddmm.mmmm' into a pure degrees value.
# Where ddd is the degrees, mm.mmmm is the minutes.
if nmea_data is None or len(nmea_data) < 3:
return None
raw = float(nmea_data)
deg = raw // 100
minutes = raw % 100
return deg + minutes / 60
def _parse_int(nmea_data):
if nmea_data is None or nmea_data == "":
return None
return int(nmea_data)
def _parse_float(nmea_data):
if nmea_data is None or nmea_data == "":
return None
return float(nmea_data)
def _parse_str(nmea_data):
if nmea_data is None or nmea_data == "":
return None
return str(nmea_data)
# lint warning about too many attributes disabled
# pylint: disable-msg=R0902
class GPS:
"""GPS parsing module. Can parse simple NMEA data sentences from serial
GPS modules to read latitude, longitude, and more.
"""
def __init__(self, uart, debug=False):
self._uart = uart
# Initialize null starting values for GPS attributes.
self.timestamp_utc = None
self.latitude = None
self.longitude = None
self.fix_quality = None
self.fix_quality_3d = None
self.satellites = None
self.satellites_prev = None
self.horizontal_dilution = None
self.altitude_m = None
self.height_geoid = None
self.speed_knots = None
self.track_angle_deg = None
self.sats = None
self.isactivedata = None
self.true_track = None
self.mag_track = None
self.sat_prns = None
self.sel_mode = None
self.pdop = None
self.hdop = None
self.vdop = None
self.total_mess_num = None
self.mess_num = None
self._raw_sentence = None
self.debug = debug
def update(self):
"""Check for updated data from the GPS module and process it
accordingly. Returns True if new data was processed, and False if
nothing new was received.
"""
# Grab a sentence and check its data type to call the appropriate
# parsing function.
try:
sentence = self._parse_sentence()
except UnicodeError:
return None
if sentence is None:
return False
if self.debug:
print(sentence)
data_type, args = sentence
data_type = bytes(data_type.upper(), "ascii")
# return sentence
if data_type in (
b"GPGLL",
b"GNGLL",
): # GLL, Geographic Position Latitude/Longitude
self._parse_gpgll(args)
elif data_type in (b"GPRMC", b"GNRMC"): # RMC, minimum location info
self._parse_gprmc(args)
elif data_type in (b"GPGGA", b"GNGGA"): # GGA, 3d location fix
self._parse_gpgga(args)
return True
def send_command(self, command, add_checksum=True):
"""Send a command string to the GPS. If add_checksum is True (the
default) a NMEA checksum will automatically be computed and added.
Note you should NOT add the leading $ and trailing * to the command
as they will automatically be added!
"""
self.write(b"$")
self.write(command)
if add_checksum:
checksum = 0
for char in command:
checksum ^= char
self.write(b"*")
self.write(bytes("{:02x}".format(checksum).upper(), "ascii"))
self.write(b"\r\n")
@property
def has_fix(self):
"""True if a current fix for location information is available."""
return self.fix_quality is not None and self.fix_quality >= 1
@property
def has_3d_fix(self):
"""Returns true if there is a 3d fix available.
use has_fix to determine if a 2d fix is available,
passing it the same data"""
return self.fix_quality_3d is not None and self.fix_quality_3d >= 2
@property
def datetime(self):
"""Return struct_time object to feed rtc.set_time_source() function"""
return self.timestamp_utc
@property
def nmea_sentence(self):
"""Return raw_sentence which is the raw NMEA sentence read from the GPS"""
return self._raw_sentence
def read(self, num_bytes):
"""Read up to num_bytes of data from the GPS directly, without parsing.
Returns a bytearray with up to num_bytes or None if nothing was read"""
return self._uart.read(num_bytes)
def write(self, bytestr):
"""Write a bytestring data to the GPS directly, without parsing
or checksums"""
return self._uart.write(bytestr)
@property
def in_waiting(self):
"""Returns number of bytes available in UART read buffer"""
return self._uart.in_waiting
def readline(self):
"""Returns a newline terminated bytearray, must have timeout set for
the underlying UART or this will block forever!"""
return self._uart.readline()
def _read_sentence(self):
# Parse any NMEA sentence that is available.
# pylint: disable=len-as-condition
# This needs to be refactored when it can be tested.
# Only continue if we have at least 32 bytes in the input buffer
if self.in_waiting < 32:
return None
sentence = self.readline()
if sentence is None or sentence == b"" or len(sentence) < 1:
return None
try:
sentence = str(sentence, "ascii").strip()
except UnicodeError:
return None
# Look for a checksum and validate it if present.
if len(sentence) > 7 and sentence[-3] == "*":
# Get included checksum, then calculate it and compare.
expected = int(sentence[-2:], 16)
actual = 0
for i in range(1, len(sentence) - 3):
actual ^= ord(sentence[i])
if actual != expected:
return None # Failed to validate checksum.
# copy the raw sentence
self._raw_sentence = sentence
return sentence
# At this point we don't have a valid sentence
return None
def _parse_sentence(self):
sentence = self._read_sentence()
# sentence is a valid NMEA with a valid checksum
if sentence is None:
return None
# Remove checksum once validated.
sentence = sentence[:-3]
# Parse out the type of sentence (first string after $ up to comma)
# and then grab the rest as data within the sentence.
delimiter = sentence.find(",")
if delimiter == -1:
return None # Invalid sentence, no comma after data type.
data_type = sentence[1:delimiter]
return (data_type, sentence[delimiter + 1 :])
def _parse_gpgll(self, args):
data = args.split(",")
if data is None or data[0] is None or (data[0] == ""):
return # Unexpected number of params.
# Parse latitude and longitude.
self.latitude = _parse_degrees(data[0])
if self.latitude is not None and data[1] is not None and data[1].lower() == "s":
self.latitude *= -1.0
self.longitude = _parse_degrees(data[2])
if (
self.longitude is not None
and data[3] is not None
and data[3].lower() == "w"
):
self.longitude *= -1.0
time_utc = int(_parse_int(float(data[4])))
if time_utc is not None:
hours = time_utc // 10000
mins = (time_utc // 100) % 100
secs = time_utc % 100
# Set or update time to a friendly python time struct.
if self.timestamp_utc is not None:
self.timestamp_utc = time.struct_time(
(0, 0, 0, hours, mins, secs, 0, 0, -1)
)
else:
self.timestamp_utc = time.struct_time(
(0, 0, 0, hours, mins, secs, 0, 0, -1)
)
# Parse data active or void
self.isactivedata = _parse_str(data[5])
def _parse_gprmc(self, args):
# Parse the arguments (everything after data type) for NMEA GPRMC
# minimum location fix sentence.
data = args.split(",")
if data is None or len(data) < 11 or data[0] is None or (data[0] == ""):
return # Unexpected number of params.
# Parse fix time.
time_utc = int(_parse_float(data[0]))
if time_utc is not None:
hours = time_utc // 10000
mins = (time_utc // 100) % 100
secs = time_utc % 100
# Set or update time to a friendly python time struct.
if self.timestamp_utc is not None:
self.timestamp_utc = time.struct_time(
(
self.timestamp_utc.tm_year,
self.timestamp_utc.tm_mon,
self.timestamp_utc.tm_mday,
hours,
mins,
secs,
0,
0,
-1,
)
)
else:
self.timestamp_utc = time.struct_time(
(0, 0, 0, hours, mins, secs, 0, 0, -1)
)
# Parse status (active/fixed or void).
status = data[1]
self.fix_quality = 0
if status is not None and status.lower() == "a":
self.fix_quality = 1
# Parse latitude and longitude.
self.latitude = _parse_degrees(data[2])
if self.latitude is not None and data[3] is not None and data[3].lower() == "s":
self.latitude *= -1.0
self.longitude = _parse_degrees(data[4])
if (
self.longitude is not None
and data[5] is not None
and data[5].lower() == "w"
):
self.longitude *= -1.0
# Parse out speed and other simple numeric values.
self.speed_knots = _parse_float(data[6])
self.track_angle_deg = _parse_float(data[7])
# Parse date.
if data[8] is not None and len(data[8]) == 6:
day = int(data[8][0:2])
month = int(data[8][2:4])
year = 2000 + int(data[8][4:6]) # Y2k bug, 2 digit year assumption.
# This is a problem with the NMEA
# spec and not this code.
if self.timestamp_utc is not None:
# Replace the timestamp with an updated one.
# (struct_time is immutable and can't be changed in place)
self.timestamp_utc = time.struct_time(
(
year,
month,
day,
self.timestamp_utc.tm_hour,
self.timestamp_utc.tm_min,
self.timestamp_utc.tm_sec,
0,
0,
-1,
)
)
else:
# Time hasn't been set so create it.
self.timestamp_utc = time.struct_time(
(year, month, day, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1)
)
def _parse_gpgga(self, args):
# Parse the arguments (everything after data type) for NMEA GPGGA
# 3D location fix sentence.
data = args.split(",")
if data is None or len(data) != 14 or (data[0] == ""):
return # Unexpected number of params.
# Parse fix time.
time_utc = int(_parse_float(data[0]))
if time_utc is not None:
hours = time_utc // 10000
mins = (time_utc // 100) % 100
secs = time_utc % 100
# Set or update time to a friendly python time struct.
if self.timestamp_utc is not None:
self.timestamp_utc = time.struct_time(
(
self.timestamp_utc.tm_year,
self.timestamp_utc.tm_mon,
self.timestamp_utc.tm_mday,
hours,
mins,
secs,
0,
0,
-1,
)
)
else:
self.timestamp_utc = time.struct_time(
(0, 0, 0, hours, mins, secs, 0, 0, -1)
)
# Parse latitude and longitude.
self.latitude = _parse_degrees(data[1])
if self.latitude is not None and data[2] is not None and data[2].lower() == "s":
self.latitude *= -1.0
self.longitude = _parse_degrees(data[3])
if (
self.longitude is not None
and data[4] is not None
and data[4].lower() == "w"
):
self.longitude *= -1.0
# Parse out fix quality and other simple numeric values.
self.fix_quality = _parse_int(data[5])
self.satellites = _parse_int(data[6])
self.horizontal_dilution = _parse_float(data[7])
self.altitude_m = _parse_float(data[8])
self.height_geoid = _parse_float(data[10])
def _parse_gpgsa(self, args):
data = args.split(",")
if data is None or (data[0] == ""):
return # Unexpected number of params
# Parse selection mode
self.sel_mode = _parse_str(data[0])
# Parse 3d fix
self.fix_quality_3d = _parse_int(data[1])
satlist = list(filter(None, data[2:-4]))
self.sat_prns = {}
for i, sat in enumerate(satlist, 1):
self.sat_prns["gps{}".format(i)] = _parse_int(sat)
# Parse PDOP, dilution of precision
self.pdop = _parse_float(data[-3])
# Parse HDOP, horizontal dilution of precision
self.hdop = _parse_float(data[-2])
# Parse VDOP, vertical dilution of precision
self.vdop = _parse_float(data[-1])
def _parse_gpgsv(self, args):
# Parse the arguments (everything after data type) for NMEA GPGGA
# 3D location fix sentence.
data = args.split(",")
if data is None or (data[0] == ""):
return # Unexpected number of params.
# Parse number of messages
self.total_mess_num = _parse_int(data[0]) # Total number of messages
# Parse message number
self.mess_num = _parse_int(data[1]) # Message number
# Parse number of satellites in view
self.satellites = _parse_int(data[2]) # Number of satellites
if len(data) < 3:
return
sat_tup = data[3:]
satdict = {}
for i in range(len(sat_tup) / 4):
j = i * 4
key = "gps{}".format(i + (4 * (self.mess_num - 1)))
satnum = _parse_int(sat_tup[0 + j]) # Satellite number
satdeg = _parse_int(sat_tup[1 + j]) # Elevation in degrees
satazim = _parse_int(sat_tup[2 + j]) # Azimuth in degrees
satsnr = _parse_int(sat_tup[3 + j]) # signal-to-noise ratio in dB
value = (satnum, satdeg, satazim, satsnr)
satdict[key] = value
if self.sats is None:
self.sats = {}
for satnum in satdict:
self.sats[satnum] = satdict[satnum]
try:
if self.satellites < self.satellites_prev:
for i in self.sats:
try:
if int(i[-2]) >= self.satellites:
del self.sats[i]
except ValueError:
if int(i[-1]) >= self.satellites:
del self.sats[i]
except TypeError:
pass
self.satellites_prev = self.satellites
class GPS_GtopI2C(GPS):
"""GTop-compatible I2C GPS parsing module. Can parse simple NMEA data
sentences from an I2C-capable GPS module to read latitude, longitude, and more.
"""
def __init__(
self, i2c_bus, *, address=_GPSI2C_DEFAULT_ADDRESS, debug=False, timeout=5
):
import adafruit_bus_device.i2c_device as i2c_device # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
super().__init__(None, debug) # init the parent with no UART
self._i2c = i2c_device.I2CDevice(i2c_bus, address)
self._lastbyte = None
self._charbuff = bytearray(1)
self._internalbuffer = []
self._timeout = timeout
def read(self, num_bytes=1):
"""Read up to num_bytes of data from the GPS directly, without parsing.
Returns a bytearray with up to num_bytes or None if nothing was read"""
result = []
for _ in range(num_bytes):
with self._i2c as i2c:
# we read one byte at a time, verify it isnt part of a string of
# 'stuffed' newlines and then append to our result array for byteification
i2c.readinto(self._charbuff)
char = self._charbuff[0]
if (char == ord("\n")) and (self._lastbyte != ord("\r")):
continue # skip duplicate \n's!
result.append(char)
self._lastbyte = char # keep track of the last character approved
return bytearray(result)
def write(self, bytestr):
"""Write a bytestring data to the GPS directly, without parsing
or checksums"""
with self._i2c as i2c:
i2c.write(bytestr)
@property
def in_waiting(self):
"""Returns number of bytes available in UART read buffer, always 32
since I2C does not have the ability to know how much data is available"""
return 32
def readline(self):
"""Returns a newline terminated bytearray, must have timeout set for
the underlying UART or this will block forever!"""
timeout = time.monotonic() + self._timeout
while timeout > time.monotonic():
# check if our internal buffer has a '\n' termination already
if self._internalbuffer and (self._internalbuffer[-1] == ord("\n")):
break
char = self.read(1)
if not char:
continue
self._internalbuffer.append(char[0])
# print(bytearray(self._internalbuffer))
if self._internalbuffer and self._internalbuffer[-1] == ord("\n"):
ret = bytearray(self._internalbuffer)
self._internalbuffer = [] # reset the buffer to empty
return ret
return None # no completed data yet